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Research Methods in Psychology: Back Matter

Research Methods in Psychology
Back Matter

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table of contents
  1. About the UNI Edition and the Original Edition Authors
  2. Preface
  3. Chapter I: The Science of Psychology
    1. Methods of Knowing
    2. Understanding Science
    3. Goals of Science
    4. Science and Common Sense
    5. Experimental and Clinical Psychologists
    6. Key Takeaways and Exercises
  4. Chapter II: Overview of the Scientific Method
    1. A Model of Scientific Research in Psychology
    2. Finding a Research Topic
    3. Generating Good Research Questions
    4. Developing a Hypothesis
    5. Designing a Research Study
    6. Analyzing the Data
    7. Drawing Conclusions and Reporting the Results
    8. Key Takeaways and Exercise
  5. Chapter III: Research Ethics
    1. Moral Foundations of Ethical Research
    2. From Moral Principles to Ethics Codes
    3. Putting Ethics Into Practice
    4. Key Takeaways and Exercises
  6. Chapter IV: Psychological Measurement
    1. Understanding Psychological Measurement
    2. Reliability and Validity of Measurement
    3. Practical Strategies for Psychological Measurement
    4. Key Takeaways and Exercises
  7. Chapter V: Experimental Research
    1. Experiment Basics
    2. Experimental Design
    3. Experimentation and Validity
    4. Practical Considerations
    5. Key Takeaways and Exercises
  8. Chapter VI: Non-Experimental Research
    1. Overview of Non-Experimental Research
    2. Correlational Research
    3. Complex Correlation
    4. Qualitative Research
    5. Observational Research
    6. Key Takeaways and Exercises
  9. Chapter VII: Survey Research
    1. Overview of Survey Research
    2. Constructing Surveys
    3. Conducting Surveys
    4. Key Takeaways and Exercises
  10. Chapter VIII: Quasi-Experimental Research
    1. One-Group Designs
    2. Non-Equivalent Groups Designs
    3. Key Takeaways and Exercises
  11. Chapter IX: Factorial Designs
    1. Setting Up a Factorial Experiment
    2. Interpreting the Results of a Factorial Experiment
    3. Key Takeaways and Exercises
  12. Chapter X: Single-Subject Research
    1. Overview of Single-Subject Research
    2. Single-Subject Research Designs
    3. The Single-Subject Versus Group “Debate”
    4. Key Takeaways and Exercises
  13. Chapter XI: Presenting Your Research
    1. American Psychological Association (APA) Style
    2. Writing a Research Report in American Psychological Association (APA) Style
    3. Other Presentation Formats
    4. Key Takeaways and Exercises
  14. Chapter XII: Descriptive Statistics
    1. Describing Single Variables
    2. Describing Statistical Relationships
    3. Expressing Your Results
    4. Conducting Your Analyses
    5. Key Takeaways and Exercises
  15. Chapter XIII: Inferential Statistics
    1. Understanding Null Hypothesis Testing
    2. Some Basic Null Hypothesis Tests
    3. Additional Considerations
    4. From the “Replicability Crisis” to Open Science Practices
    5. Key Takeaways and Exercises
  16. Glossary
  17. References
  18. Back Matter

Back Matter

Edition Notes


This edition is an adaptation of: Jhangiani et al. (2019). Research Methods in Psychology, 4th edition, licensed CC BY-NC-SA 4.0.


The following changes have been made to the original edition. Any errors or omissions are the editors' own.

Formatting and Accessibility Changes

  • Added DOI-formatted URLs, whenever available from Crossref, to article citations throughout
  • Added issue numbers, if available, to article citations throughout
  • Removed geographic location from book citations
  • Changed "reference citation" to "in-text citation" to match current manual language and reworded related section slightly for clarity
  • Removed "retrieved from" from URL references
  • Alphabetized references at end of Chapter XII
  • Switched in-text citations with 3+ authors to "et al."
  • Removed "jr." from several author names in Reference list entries
  • Added DOIs to article citations*
  • Made articles in headings lowercase*
  • Lowercased subsequent words in book titles*
  • Changed research pronoun references to gender-neutral "their"*
  • Hyperlinked URLs in end-of-section references*
  • Updated explicit references to style guide in APA Style section of Chapter XI
  • Added alt text to an images without it
  • Removed Figures 11.2 through 11.5 (student sample paper), which weren't very legible. Replaced with a short paragraph referring to sample papers available on the APA Style webpage and in the manual

*This change was not made systematically throughout the text, so all instances may not have been changed.


Content Changes or Additions

  • Edited front matter to reflect current edition
  • Removed section numbering
  • Removed internal references to section numbering, ie. see "Section 7.2"
  • Added chapter numbers to Key Takeaways & Exercises sections
  • Rewrote parts of APA Style section of Chapter XI to refer to APA chapter 5 "Bias-free Language," ie. noting guidance about choosing between person-first vs. identity-first language
  • Added information about DOI-formatted URLs, including what to do if you can't find one
  • Added earlier mention of professional vs. student guidance
  • Replaced Dartmouth presentation guidance website with University of Northern Iowa's
  • Changed Captions to Notes and revised content in section re: Figures in Expressing your Results
  • Added general note in existing section re: color about color depicting meaning going against accessibility best practices
  • Added bulleted lists for readability in selected areas
  • Modified video attributions for consistency in Chapter I Key Takeaways and Exercises section
  • Deleted APA sample search video from Ch II: Finding a Research Topic section
  • Replaced several broken links
  • Removed reference to Research Randomizer in Ch V: Experimental Design section
  • Corrected minor typos

Accessibility Statement

University of Northern Iowa's Rod Library is committed to making its publications as accessible as possible. Images in this resource have alternative text and heading styles are used throughout for compatibility with screen readers.


This ebook is displayed in the software Manifold; detailed documentation is available regarding Manifold's accessibility commitment and features, which strive to meet accessibility standards WCAG 2.1 AA.


The open licensing of this work allows for translation and changing formats as needed for any user, without additional permissions needed, as long as proper attribution is given and the work license is followed.


If you have any requests for alternative formats or suggestions for improving accessibility of this Open Educational Resource (OER), please contact anne.gruber@uni.edu.

Annotate

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Adapted from Rajiv S. Jhangiani, I-Chant A. Chiang, Carrie Cuttler, & Dana C. Leighton, © 2019, licensed CC BY-NC-SA 4.0, except where noted. This edition: Helen C. Harton & Anne Marie H. Gruber, © 2026, licensed CC BY-NC-SA 4.0, except where noted.
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